
Colonial Era
Chapter 2: Nova Britannia 1603 ― 1675
Jacobean Age 1603-1625
Caroline Age 1625-1649
Interregnum 1649-1660
Restoration 1660-1675

La Conquista 1492 ― 1603
Intercolonial Wars 1675 ― 1763
Documents
Master Index

1954
The Supreme Court ruled that separating children in public schools on the basis of race was unconstitutional. It signaled the end of legalized racial segregation in the schools of the United States, overruling the "separate but equal" principle set forth in the 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson case.
Earl Warren
Brown v. Board of Education
Biographies

Jimmy Carter (1924-2024) was the 39th president of the United States, serving from 1977 to 1981 during economic challenges, energy shortages, and international crises. His presidency achieved significant diplomatic successes, while his administration also promoted human rights, energy conservation, and environmental protection. After leaving office, Carter became a leading humanitarian through the Carter Center, earning the 2002 Nobel Peace Prize.
Jimmy
Carter

Joe Biden (1942-) is an American politician who served as the 46th president of the United States from 2021 to 2025, following 36 years as a U.S. senator from Delaware and eight years as vice president under Barack Obama. His presidency focused on rebuilding the economy after the COVID-19 pandemic, investing in infrastructure and domestic manufacturing, expanding clean-energy programs, strengthening U.S. alliances, while facing controversies over inflation, immigration, Afghanistan, and his age.
Joe
Biden

Donald Trump (1946-) is an American businessman and television personality who became the 45th and later the 47th president of the United States. His political career transformed the Republican Party and was defined by an “America First” agenda emphasizing immigration restriction, trade protection, deregulation, and a more assertive approach to executive power.
Donald
Trump

George W. Bush (1946-) was the 43rd President of the United States, serving from 2001 to 2009 during a period defined by the War on Terror. Before becoming president, he worked in the oil industry, and served two terms as governor of Texas. After leaving office, Bush focused on charitable work, veterans' initiatives, global health.
George
W. Bush

Bill Clinton (1946-) was the 42nd president of the United States, serving from 1993 to 2001 during a period marked by economic growth, declining unemployment, and the end of the Cold War era. A centrist Democrat, he promoted policies including welfare reform, consumer rights, deficit reduction, expanded trade, and economic development while also pursuing an active foreign policy. His presidency was ultimately defined both by its economic successes and by scandal.
Bill
Clinton

Barack Obama (1961-) was the 44th president of the United States serving from 2009 to 2017. Before becoming president, he worked as a civil rights lawyer before entering politics in Illinois and later serving in the U.S. Senate. His presidency was defined by the Affordable Care Act, the response to the Great Recession, continuing the War on Terror, and efforts to address social and environmental issues.
Barack
Obama

























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